diff --git a/crates/uv-distribution-types/src/installed_modules.rs b/crates/uv-distribution-types/src/installed_modules.rs
index be3c3e585a..657c2b97f6 100644
--- a/crates/uv-distribution-types/src/installed_modules.rs
+++ b/crates/uv-distribution-types/src/installed_modules.rs
@@ -101,22 +101,65 @@ fn bytecode_module_stem<'a>(
 ) -> Option<(&'a str, &'a [String])> {
     let stem = file_name.strip_suffix(".pyc")?;
     if parents.last().is_some_and(|parent| parent == "__pycache__") {
-        Some((
-            stem.split('.').next().filter(|stem| !stem.is_empty())?,
-            &parents[..parents.len() - 1],
-        ))
-    } else {
-        Some((stem, parents))
+        // A `.pyc` file in `__pycache__` does not make the module importable
+        // without the corresponding source file. Sourceless imports use the
+        // legacy `module.pyc` location instead.
+        return None;
     }
+
+    Some((stem, parents))
 }
 
 fn extension_module_stem(file_name: &str) -> Option<&str> {
     let stem = file_name
         .strip_suffix(".so")
         .or_else(|| file_name.strip_suffix(".pyd"))?;
-    // Extension modules include ABI and platform tags after the importable module name, e.g.
-    // `foo.cpython-312-darwin.so`. The first dot separates the module name from those tags.
-    stem.split('.').next().filter(|stem| !stem.is_empty())
+    if stem.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(module) = stem.strip_suffix(".abi3") {
+        return non_empty(module);
+    }
+
+    let Some((module, tag)) = stem.rsplit_once('.') else {
+        return Some(stem);
+    };
+    if is_extension_module_tag(tag) {
+        non_empty(module)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_extension_module_tag(tag: &str) -> bool {
+    // Hardcoded forms from common `importlib.machinery.EXTENSION_SUFFIXES` values.
+    // These resemble wheel ABI tags, but they are import suffixes instead. For
+    // example, Windows debug builds use `_d.cp314t-win_amd64.pyd`, with the
+    // debug marker attached to the module stem rather than encoded in the tag as
+    // `cp314td-win_amd64`.
+    if tag.starts_with("cpython-") || tag.starts_with("pypy") || tag.starts_with("graalpy") {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    let Some(rest) = tag.strip_prefix("cp") else {
+        return false;
+    };
+    let digit_count = rest
+        .chars()
+        .take_while(|char| char.is_ascii_digit())
+        .count();
+    if digit_count == 0 {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    let rest = &rest[digit_count..];
+    let rest = rest.strip_prefix('t').unwrap_or(rest);
+    rest.is_empty() || rest.starts_with('-') || rest.starts_with('_')
+}
+
+fn non_empty(value: &str) -> Option<&str> {
+    (!value.is_empty()).then_some(value)
 }
 
 fn has_extension(path: impl AsRef<Path>, extension: &str) -> bool {
@@ -159,24 +202,50 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn record_module_from_bytecode() {
+    fn record_module_from_legacy_bytecode() {
         let mut modules = BTreeSet::new();
-        add_record_module(
-            "package/__pycache__/module.cpython-312.opt-1.pyc",
-            &mut modules,
-        );
-        add_record_module("package/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-312.pyc", &mut modules);
+        add_record_module("package/module.pyc", &mut modules);
         add_record_module("legacy.pyc", &mut modules);
 
         assert_eq!(module_names(modules), "legacy\npackage\npackage.module");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn record_module_ignores_pycache_bytecode() {
+        let mut modules = BTreeSet::new();
+        add_record_module(
+            "package/__pycache__/module.cpython-312.opt-1.pyc",
+            &mut modules,
+        );
+        add_record_module("package/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-312.pyc", &mut modules);
+
+        assert_eq!(module_names(modules), "");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn record_module_from_extension_module() {
         let mut modules = BTreeSet::new();
         add_record_module("package/extension.cpython-312-darwin.so", &mut modules);
+        add_record_module(
+            "package/free_threaded.cpython-314td-darwin.so",
+            &mut modules,
+        );
+        add_record_module("package/limited.abi3.so", &mut modules);
+        add_record_module("package/windows.cp312-win_amd64.pyd", &mut modules);
         add_record_module("package/__init__.cpython-312-darwin.so", &mut modules);
+        add_record_module("plain.so", &mut modules);
 
-        assert_eq!(module_names(modules), "package\npackage.extension");
+        assert_eq!(
+            module_names(modules),
+            "package\npackage.extension\npackage.free_threaded\npackage.limited\npackage.windows\nplain"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn record_module_ignores_unknown_extension_tags() {
+        let mut modules = BTreeSet::new();
+        add_record_module("package/extension.not-an-extension-tag.so", &mut modules);
+
+        assert_eq!(module_names(modules), "");
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/uv/tests/it/workspace_metadata.rs b/crates/uv/tests/it/workspace_metadata.rs
index 474ba43d90..4cf71faa9a 100644
--- a/crates/uv/tests/it/workspace_metadata.rs
+++ b/crates/uv/tests/it/workspace_metadata.rs
@@ -183,12 +183,6 @@ dependencies = [
         "sets": []
       },
       "module_owners": {
-        "bytecode": [
-          "typing-extensions==0.1.0@path+[TEMP_DIR]/typing_extensions-0.1.0-py3-none-any.whl"
-        ],
-        "bytecode.compiled": [
-          "typing-extensions==0.1.0@path+[TEMP_DIR]/typing_extensions-0.1.0-py3-none-any.whl"
-        ],
         "café": [
           "typing-extensions==0.1.0@path+[TEMP_DIR]/typing_extensions-0.1.0-py3-none-any.whl"
         ],