In the free-threaded build, avoid data races caused by updating type slots
or type flags after the type was initially created. For those (typically
rare) cases, use the stop-the-world mechanism. Remove the use of atomics
when reading or writing type flags. The use of atomics is not sufficient to
avoid races (since flags are sometimes read without a lock and without
atomics) and are no longer required.
The `test_load_global_module()` test consumes a lot of dict key versions.
Skip the test if we have consumed half of the available versions that can be
used for the "load global" cache.
Add free-threaded versions of existing specialization for FOR_ITER (list, tuples, fast range iterators and generators), without significantly affecting their thread-safety. (Iterating over shared lists/tuples/ranges should be fine like before. Reusing iterators between threads is not fine, like before. Sharing generators between threads is a recipe for significant crashes, like before.)
Add free-threaded specialization for COMPARE_OP, and tests for COMPARE_OP specialization in general.
Co-authored-by: Donghee Na <donghee.na92@gmail.com>
Methods (functions defined in class scope) are likely to be cleaned
up by the GC anyway.
Add a new code flag, `CO_METHOD`, that is set for functions defined
in a class scope. Use that when deciding to defer functions.
* Add `_PyDictKeys_StringLookupSplit` which does locking on dict keys and
use in place of `_PyDictKeys_StringLookup`.
* Change `_PyObject_TryGetInstanceAttribute` to use that function
in the case of split keys.
* Add `unicodekeys_lookup_split` helper which allows code sharing
between `_Py_dict_lookup` and `_PyDictKeys_StringLookupSplit`.
* Fix locking for `STORE_ATTR_INSTANCE_VALUE`. Create
`_GUARD_TYPE_VERSION_AND_LOCK` uop so that object stays locked and
`tp_version_tag` cannot change.
* Pass `tp_version_tag` to `specialize_dict_access()`, ensuring
the version we store on the cache is the correct one (in case of
it changing during the specalize analysis).
* Split `analyze_descriptor` into `analyze_descriptor_load` and
`analyze_descriptor_store` since those don't share much logic.
Add `descriptor_is_class` helper function.
* In `specialize_dict_access`, double check `_PyObject_GetManagedDict()`
in case we race and dict was materialized before the lock.
* Avoid borrowed references in `_Py_Specialize_StoreAttr()`.
* Use `specialize()` and `unspecialize()` helpers.
* Add unit tests to ensure specializing happens as expected in FT builds.
* Add unit tests to attempt to trigger data races (useful for running under TSAN).
* Add `has_split_table` function to `_testinternalcapi`.
We use the same approach that was used for specialization of LOAD_GLOBAL in free-threaded builds:
_CHECK_ATTR_MODULE is renamed to _CHECK_ATTR_MODULE_PUSH_KEYS; it pushes the keys object for the following _LOAD_ATTR_MODULE_FROM_KEYS (nee _LOAD_ATTR_MODULE). This arrangement avoids having to recheck the keys version.
_LOAD_ATTR_MODULE is renamed to _LOAD_ATTR_MODULE_FROM_KEYS; it loads the value from the keys object pushed by the preceding _CHECK_ATTR_MODULE_PUSH_KEYS at the cached index.
The CALL family of instructions were mostly thread-safe already and only required a small number of changes, which are documented below.
A few changes were needed to make CALL_ALLOC_AND_ENTER_INIT thread-safe:
Added _PyType_LookupRefAndVersion, which returns the type version corresponding to the returned ref.
Added _PyType_CacheInitForSpecialization, which takes an init method and the corresponding type version and only populates the specialization cache if the current type version matches the supplied version. This prevents potentially caching a stale value in free-threaded builds if we race with an update to __init__.
Only cache __init__ functions that are deferred in free-threaded builds. This ensures that the reference to __init__ that is stored in the specialization cache is valid if the type version guard in _CHECK_AND_ALLOCATE_OBJECT passes.
Fix a bug in _CREATE_INIT_FRAME where the frame is pushed to the stack on failure.
A few other miscellaneous changes were also needed:
Use {LOCK,UNLOCK}_OBJECT in LIST_APPEND. This ensures that the list's per-object lock is held while we are appending to it.
Add missing co_tlbc for _Py_InitCleanup.
Stop/start the world around setting the eval frame hook. This allows us to read interp->eval_frame non-atomically and preserves the behavior of _CHECK_PEP_523 documented below.
No additional thread safety changes are required. Note that sending to
a generator that is shared between threads is currently not safe in the
free-threaded build.
Use existing helpers to atomically modify the bytecode. Add unit tests
to ensure specializing is happening as expected. Add test_specialize.py
that can be used with ThreadSanitizer to detect data races.
Fix thread safety issue with cell_set_contents().
Add free-threaded specialization for `UNPACK_SEQUENCE` opcode.
`UNPACK_SEQUENCE_TUPLE/UNPACK_SEQUENCE_TWO_TUPLE` are already thread safe since tuples are immutable.
`UNPACK_SEQUENCE_LIST` is not thread safe because of nature of lists (there is nothing preventing another thread from adding items to or removing them the list while the instruction is executing). To achieve thread safety we add a critical section to the implementation of `UNPACK_SEQUENCE_LIST`, especially around the parts where we check the size of the list and push items onto the stack.
---------
Co-authored-by: Matt Page <mpage@meta.com>
Co-authored-by: mpage <mpage@cs.stanford.edu>
Enable specialization of LOAD_GLOBAL in free-threaded builds.
Thread-safety of specialization in free-threaded builds is provided by the following:
A critical section is held on both the globals and builtins objects during specialization. This ensures we get an atomic view of both builtins and globals during specialization.
Generation of new keys versions is made atomic in free-threaded builds.
Existing helpers are used to atomically modify the opcode.
Thread-safety of specialized instructions in free-threaded builds is provided by the following:
Relaxed atomics are used when loading and storing dict keys versions. This avoids potential data races as the dict keys versions are read without holding the dictionary's per-object lock in version guards.
Dicts keys objects are passed from keys version guards to the downstream uops. This ensures that we are loading from the correct offset in the keys object. Once a unicode key has been stored in a keys object for a combined dictionary in free-threaded builds, the offset that it is stored in will never be reused for a different key. Once the version guard passes, we know that we are reading from the correct offset.
The dictionary read fast-path is used to read values from the dictionary once we know the correct offset.
The code for Tier 2 is now only compiled when configured
with `--enable-experimental-jit[=yes|interpreter]`.
We drop support for `PYTHON_UOPS` and -`Xuops`,
but you can disable the interpreter or JIT
at runtime by setting `PYTHON_JIT=0`.
You can also build it without enabling it by default
using `--enable-experimental-jit=yes-off`;
enable with `PYTHON_JIT=1`.
On Windows, the `build.bat` script supports
`--experimental-jit`, `--experimental-jit-off`,
`--experimental-interpreter`.
In the C code, `_Py_JIT` is defined as before
when the JIT is enabled; the new variable
`_Py_TIER2` is defined when the JIT *or* the
interpreter is enabled. It is actually a bitmask:
1: JIT; 2: default-off; 4: interpreter.
Ken Jin