mirror of
https://github.com/postgres/postgres.git
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Alvaro Herrera
7103ebb7aa
MERGE performs actions that modify rows in the target table using a source table or query. MERGE provides a single SQL statement that can conditionally INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE rows -- a task that would otherwise require multiple PL statements. For example, MERGE INTO target AS t USING source AS s ON t.tid = s.sid WHEN MATCHED AND t.balance > s.delta THEN UPDATE SET balance = t.balance - s.delta WHEN MATCHED THEN DELETE WHEN NOT MATCHED AND s.delta > 0 THEN INSERT VALUES (s.sid, s.delta) WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN DO NOTHING; MERGE works with regular tables, partitioned tables and inheritance hierarchies, including column and row security enforcement, as well as support for row and statement triggers and transition tables therein. MERGE is optimized for OLTP and is parameterizable, though also useful for large scale ETL/ELT. MERGE is not intended to be used in preference to existing single SQL commands for INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE since there is some overhead. MERGE can be used from PL/pgSQL. MERGE does not support targetting updatable views or foreign tables, and RETURNING clauses are not allowed either. These limitations are likely fixable with sufficient effort. Rewrite rules are also not supported, but it's not clear that we'd want to support them. Author: Pavan Deolasee <pavan.deolasee@gmail.com> Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Author: Simon Riggs <simon.riggs@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Japin Li <japinli@hotmail.com> Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu <zyu@yugabyte.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANP8+jKitBSrB7oTgT9CY2i1ObfOt36z0XMraQc+Xrz8QB0nXA@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzkJdBuxj9PO=2QaO9-3h3xGbQPZ34kJH=HukRekwM-GZg@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201231134736.GA25392@alvherre.pgsql
337 lines
13 KiB
C
337 lines
13 KiB
C
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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*
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* pathnode.h
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* prototypes for pathnode.c, relnode.c.
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*
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*
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* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
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* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
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*
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* src/include/optimizer/pathnode.h
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*
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*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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*/
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#ifndef PATHNODE_H
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#define PATHNODE_H
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#include "nodes/bitmapset.h"
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#include "nodes/pathnodes.h"
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/*
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* prototypes for pathnode.c
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*/
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extern int compare_path_costs(Path *path1, Path *path2,
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CostSelector criterion);
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extern int compare_fractional_path_costs(Path *path1, Path *path2,
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double fraction);
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extern void set_cheapest(RelOptInfo *parent_rel);
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extern void add_path(RelOptInfo *parent_rel, Path *new_path);
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extern bool add_path_precheck(RelOptInfo *parent_rel,
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Cost startup_cost, Cost total_cost,
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List *pathkeys, Relids required_outer);
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extern void add_partial_path(RelOptInfo *parent_rel, Path *new_path);
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extern bool add_partial_path_precheck(RelOptInfo *parent_rel,
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Cost total_cost, List *pathkeys);
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extern Path *create_seqscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer, int parallel_workers);
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extern Path *create_samplescan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern IndexPath *create_index_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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IndexOptInfo *index,
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List *indexclauses,
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List *indexorderbys,
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List *indexorderbycols,
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List *pathkeys,
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ScanDirection indexscandir,
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bool indexonly,
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Relids required_outer,
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double loop_count,
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bool partial_path);
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extern BitmapHeapPath *create_bitmap_heap_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *bitmapqual,
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Relids required_outer,
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double loop_count,
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int parallel_degree);
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extern BitmapAndPath *create_bitmap_and_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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List *bitmapquals);
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extern BitmapOrPath *create_bitmap_or_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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List *bitmapquals);
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extern TidPath *create_tidscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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List *tidquals, Relids required_outer);
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extern TidRangePath *create_tidrangescan_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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List *tidrangequals,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern AppendPath *create_append_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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List *subpaths, List *partial_subpaths,
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List *pathkeys, Relids required_outer,
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int parallel_workers, bool parallel_aware,
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double rows);
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extern MergeAppendPath *create_merge_append_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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List *subpaths,
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List *pathkeys,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern GroupResultPath *create_group_result_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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PathTarget *target,
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List *havingqual);
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extern MaterialPath *create_material_path(RelOptInfo *rel, Path *subpath);
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extern MemoizePath *create_memoize_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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List *param_exprs,
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List *hash_operators,
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bool singlerow,
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bool binary_mode,
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double calls);
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extern UniquePath *create_unique_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath, SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo);
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extern GatherPath *create_gather_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel, Path *subpath, PathTarget *target,
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Relids required_outer, double *rows);
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extern GatherMergePath *create_gather_merge_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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PathTarget *target,
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List *pathkeys,
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Relids required_outer,
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double *rows);
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extern SubqueryScanPath *create_subqueryscan_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel, Path *subpath,
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List *pathkeys, Relids required_outer);
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extern Path *create_functionscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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List *pathkeys, Relids required_outer);
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extern Path *create_valuesscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern Path *create_tablefuncscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern Path *create_ctescan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern Path *create_namedtuplestorescan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern Path *create_resultscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern Path *create_worktablescan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern ForeignPath *create_foreignscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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PathTarget *target,
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double rows, Cost startup_cost, Cost total_cost,
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List *pathkeys,
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Relids required_outer,
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Path *fdw_outerpath,
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List *fdw_private);
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extern ForeignPath *create_foreign_join_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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PathTarget *target,
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double rows, Cost startup_cost, Cost total_cost,
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List *pathkeys,
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Relids required_outer,
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Path *fdw_outerpath,
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List *fdw_private);
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extern ForeignPath *create_foreign_upper_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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PathTarget *target,
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double rows, Cost startup_cost, Cost total_cost,
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List *pathkeys,
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Path *fdw_outerpath,
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List *fdw_private);
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extern Relids calc_nestloop_required_outer(Relids outerrelids,
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Relids outer_paramrels,
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Relids innerrelids,
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Relids inner_paramrels);
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extern Relids calc_non_nestloop_required_outer(Path *outer_path, Path *inner_path);
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extern NestPath *create_nestloop_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *joinrel,
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JoinType jointype,
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JoinCostWorkspace *workspace,
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JoinPathExtraData *extra,
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Path *outer_path,
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Path *inner_path,
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List *restrict_clauses,
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List *pathkeys,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern MergePath *create_mergejoin_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *joinrel,
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JoinType jointype,
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JoinCostWorkspace *workspace,
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JoinPathExtraData *extra,
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Path *outer_path,
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Path *inner_path,
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List *restrict_clauses,
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List *pathkeys,
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Relids required_outer,
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List *mergeclauses,
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List *outersortkeys,
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List *innersortkeys);
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extern HashPath *create_hashjoin_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *joinrel,
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JoinType jointype,
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JoinCostWorkspace *workspace,
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JoinPathExtraData *extra,
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Path *outer_path,
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Path *inner_path,
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bool parallel_hash,
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List *restrict_clauses,
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Relids required_outer,
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List *hashclauses);
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extern ProjectionPath *create_projection_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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PathTarget *target);
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extern Path *apply_projection_to_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *path,
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PathTarget *target);
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extern ProjectSetPath *create_set_projection_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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PathTarget *target);
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extern SortPath *create_sort_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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List *pathkeys,
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double limit_tuples);
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extern IncrementalSortPath *create_incremental_sort_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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List *pathkeys,
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int presorted_keys,
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double limit_tuples);
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extern GroupPath *create_group_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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List *groupClause,
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List *qual,
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double numGroups);
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extern UpperUniquePath *create_upper_unique_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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int numCols,
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double numGroups);
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extern AggPath *create_agg_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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PathTarget *target,
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AggStrategy aggstrategy,
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AggSplit aggsplit,
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List *groupClause,
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List *qual,
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const AggClauseCosts *aggcosts,
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double numGroups);
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extern GroupingSetsPath *create_groupingsets_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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List *having_qual,
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AggStrategy aggstrategy,
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List *rollups,
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const AggClauseCosts *agg_costs,
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double numGroups);
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extern MinMaxAggPath *create_minmaxagg_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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PathTarget *target,
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List *mmaggregates,
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List *quals);
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extern WindowAggPath *create_windowagg_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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PathTarget *target,
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List *windowFuncs,
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WindowClause *winclause);
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extern SetOpPath *create_setop_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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SetOpCmd cmd,
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SetOpStrategy strategy,
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List *distinctList,
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AttrNumber flagColIdx,
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int firstFlag,
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double numGroups,
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double outputRows);
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extern RecursiveUnionPath *create_recursiveunion_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *leftpath,
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Path *rightpath,
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PathTarget *target,
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List *distinctList,
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int wtParam,
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double numGroups);
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extern LockRowsPath *create_lockrows_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath, List *rowMarks, int epqParam);
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extern ModifyTablePath *create_modifytable_path(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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CmdType operation, bool canSetTag,
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Index nominalRelation, Index rootRelation,
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bool partColsUpdated,
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List *resultRelations,
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List *updateColnosLists,
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List *withCheckOptionLists, List *returningLists,
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List *rowMarks, OnConflictExpr *onconflict,
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List *mergeActionLists, int epqParam);
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extern LimitPath *create_limit_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
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Path *subpath,
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Node *limitOffset, Node *limitCount,
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LimitOption limitOption,
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int64 offset_est, int64 count_est);
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extern void adjust_limit_rows_costs(double *rows,
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Cost *startup_cost, Cost *total_cost,
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int64 offset_est, int64 count_est);
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extern Path *reparameterize_path(PlannerInfo *root, Path *path,
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Relids required_outer,
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double loop_count);
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extern Path *reparameterize_path_by_child(PlannerInfo *root, Path *path,
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RelOptInfo *child_rel);
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/*
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* prototypes for relnode.c
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*/
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extern void setup_simple_rel_arrays(PlannerInfo *root);
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extern void expand_planner_arrays(PlannerInfo *root, int add_size);
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extern RelOptInfo *build_simple_rel(PlannerInfo *root, int relid,
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RelOptInfo *parent);
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extern RelOptInfo *find_base_rel(PlannerInfo *root, int relid);
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extern RelOptInfo *find_join_rel(PlannerInfo *root, Relids relids);
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extern RelOptInfo *build_join_rel(PlannerInfo *root,
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Relids joinrelids,
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RelOptInfo *outer_rel,
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RelOptInfo *inner_rel,
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SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo,
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List **restrictlist_ptr);
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extern Relids min_join_parameterization(PlannerInfo *root,
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Relids joinrelids,
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RelOptInfo *outer_rel,
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RelOptInfo *inner_rel);
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extern RelOptInfo *fetch_upper_rel(PlannerInfo *root, UpperRelationKind kind,
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Relids relids);
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extern Relids find_childrel_parents(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel);
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extern ParamPathInfo *get_baserel_parampathinfo(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *baserel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern ParamPathInfo *get_joinrel_parampathinfo(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *joinrel,
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Path *outer_path,
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Path *inner_path,
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SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo,
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Relids required_outer,
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List **restrict_clauses);
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extern ParamPathInfo *get_appendrel_parampathinfo(RelOptInfo *appendrel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern ParamPathInfo *find_param_path_info(RelOptInfo *rel,
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Relids required_outer);
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extern RelOptInfo *build_child_join_rel(PlannerInfo *root,
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RelOptInfo *outer_rel, RelOptInfo *inner_rel,
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RelOptInfo *parent_joinrel, List *restrictlist,
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SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo, JoinType jointype);
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#endif /* PATHNODE_H */
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