mirror of
https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.git
synced 2026-05-29 12:06:28 -04:00
Mike Bayer
851acda63c
create confusion for inherited classes such as BYTEA, fixes
(cherry picked from commit 47d8858c54)
210 lines
4.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
210 lines
4.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _postgresql_toplevel:
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PostgreSQL
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==========
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.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.base
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PostgreSQL Data Types
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------------------------
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As with all SQLAlchemy dialects, all UPPERCASE types that are known to be
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valid with Postgresql are importable from the top level dialect, whether
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they originate from :mod:`sqlalchemy.types` or from the local dialect::
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from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import \
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ARRAY, BIGINT, BIT, BOOLEAN, BYTEA, CHAR, CIDR, DATE, \
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DOUBLE_PRECISION, ENUM, FLOAT, HSTORE, INET, INTEGER, \
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INTERVAL, JSON, JSONB, MACADDR, NUMERIC, OID, REAL, SMALLINT, TEXT, \
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TIME, TIMESTAMP, UUID, VARCHAR, INT4RANGE, INT8RANGE, NUMRANGE, \
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DATERANGE, TSRANGE, TSTZRANGE, TSVECTOR
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Types which are specific to PostgreSQL, or have PostgreSQL-specific
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construction arguments, are as follows:
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.. currentmodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql
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.. autoclass:: array
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.. autoclass:: ARRAY
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:members: __init__, Comparator
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.. autoclass:: Any
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.. autoclass:: All
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.. autoclass:: BIT
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: BYTEA
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: CIDR
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.. autoclass:: DOUBLE_PRECISION
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: ENUM
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:members: __init__, create, drop
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.. autoclass:: HSTORE
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:members:
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.. autoclass:: hstore
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:members:
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.. autoclass:: INET
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: INTERVAL
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: JSON
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:members:
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.. autoclass:: JSONB
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:members:
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.. autoclass:: JSONElement
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:members:
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.. autoclass:: MACADDR
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: OID
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: REAL
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: TSVECTOR
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:members: __init__
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.. autoclass:: UUID
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:members: __init__
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Range Types
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~~~~~~~~~~~
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The new range column types found in PostgreSQL 9.2 onwards are
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catered for by the following types:
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.. autoclass:: INT4RANGE
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.. autoclass:: INT8RANGE
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.. autoclass:: NUMRANGE
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.. autoclass:: DATERANGE
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.. autoclass:: TSRANGE
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.. autoclass:: TSTZRANGE
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The types above get most of their functionality from the following
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mixin:
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.. autoclass:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.ranges.RangeOperators
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:members:
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.. warning::
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The range type DDL support should work with any Postgres DBAPI
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driver, however the data types returned may vary. If you are using
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``psycopg2``, it's recommended to upgrade to version 2.5 or later
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before using these column types.
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When instantiating models that use these column types, you should pass
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whatever data type is expected by the DBAPI driver you're using for
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the column type. For :mod:`psycopg2` these are
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:class:`~psycopg2.extras.NumericRange`,
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:class:`~psycopg2.extras.DateRange`,
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:class:`~psycopg2.extras.DateTimeRange` and
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:class:`~psycopg2.extras.DateTimeTZRange` or the class you've
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registered with :func:`~psycopg2.extras.register_range`.
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For example:
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.. code-block:: python
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from psycopg2.extras import DateTimeRange
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from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import TSRANGE
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class RoomBooking(Base):
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__tablename__ = 'room_booking'
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room = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
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during = Column(TSRANGE())
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booking = RoomBooking(
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room=101,
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during=DateTimeRange(datetime(2013, 3, 23), None)
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)
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PostgreSQL Constraint Types
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---------------------------
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SQLAlchemy supports Postgresql EXCLUDE constraints via the
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:class:`ExcludeConstraint` class:
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.. autoclass:: ExcludeConstraint
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:members: __init__
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For example::
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from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ExcludeConstraint, TSRANGE
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class RoomBooking(Base):
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__tablename__ = 'room_booking'
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room = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
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during = Column(TSRANGE())
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__table_args__ = (
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ExcludeConstraint(('room', '='), ('during', '&&')),
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)
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psycopg2
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--------------
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.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.psycopg2
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pg8000
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--------------
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.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.pg8000
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psycopg2cffi
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--------------
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.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.psycopg2cffi
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py-postgresql
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--------------------
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.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.pypostgresql
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zxjdbc
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--------------
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.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.zxjdbc
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