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(Common options): Clarify that "-" means
stdin/stdout only when it is an operand, not when it is an option-argument. (shred invocation): "shred -- -" is equivalent to "shred -", not to "shred ./-". (tee invocation): "tee -" means to copy (again) to stdout.
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+28
-31
@@ -626,13 +626,13 @@ operands even if they begin with @samp{-}. For example, @samp{sort --
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@cindex standard input
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@cindex standard output
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A single @samp{-} is not really an option, though it looks like one. It
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A single @samp{-} operand is not really an option, though it looks like one. It
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stands for standard input, or for standard output if that is clear from
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the context, and it can be used either as an operand or as an
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option-argument. For example, @samp{sort -o - -} outputs to standard
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output and reads from standard input, and is equivalent to plain
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@samp{sort}. Unless otherwise specified, @samp{-} can appear in any
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context that requires a file name.
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the context. For example, @samp{sort -} reads from standard input,
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and is equivalent to plain @samp{sort}, and @samp{tee -} writes an
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extra copy of its input to standard output. Unless otherwise
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specified, @samp{-} can appear as any operand that requires a file
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name.
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@menu
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* Exit status:: Indicating program success or failure.
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@@ -7309,31 +7309,6 @@ it's tidier, the @option{--zero} option adds an additional overwrite pass with
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all zero bits. This is in addition to the number of passes specified
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by the @option{--iterations} option.
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@item -
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@opindex -
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Shred standard output.
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This argument is considered an option. If the common @samp{--} option has
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been used to indicate the end of options on the command line, then @samp{-}
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will be interpreted as an ordinary file name.
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The intended use of this is to shred a removed temporary file.
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For example
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@example
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i=`tempfile -m 0600`
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exec 3<>"$i"
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rm -- "$i"
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echo "Hello, world" >&3
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shred - >&3
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exec 3>-
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@end example
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Note that the shell command @samp{shred - >file} does not shred the
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contents of @var{file}, since it truncates @var{file} before invoking
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@command{shred}. Use the command @samp{shred file} or (if using a
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Bourne-compatible shell) the command @samp{shred - 1<>file} instead.
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@end table
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You might use the following command to erase all trace of the
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@@ -7352,6 +7327,24 @@ your hard disk, you could give a command like this:
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shred --verbose /dev/sda5
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@end example
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A @var{file} of @samp{-} denotes standard output.
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The intended use of this is to shred a removed temporary file.
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For example:
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@example
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i=`tempfile -m 0600`
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exec 3<>"$i"
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rm -- "$i"
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echo "Hello, world" >&3
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shred - >&3
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exec 3>-
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@end example
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However, the command @samp{shred - >file} does not shred the contents
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of @var{file}, since the shell truncates @var{file} before invoking
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@command{shred}. Use the command @samp{shred file} or (if using a
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Bourne-compatible shell) the command @samp{shred - 1<>file} instead.
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@exitstatus
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@@ -9895,6 +9888,10 @@ If a file being written to does not already exist, it is created. If a
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file being written to already exists, the data it previously contained
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is overwritten unless the @option{-a} option is used.
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A @var{file} of @samp{-} causes @command{tee} to send another copy of
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input to standard output, but this is typically not that useful as the
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copies are interleaved.
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The program accepts the following options. Also see @ref{Common options}.
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@table @samp
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